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Ambos, TEA (Trastorno del Espectro Autista) y TDAH (Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad), se inician en la infancia o adolescencia. Son cuadros diagnósticos vinculados al funcionamiento del sistema nervioso.
La ciencia reconoce una base genética en ambos. De hecho, hay superposiciones de variaciones genéticas (CNV) entre el TDAH y el autismo, y la comorbilidad es alta (30-50% en TDAH presentan otras condiciones, y el TDAH es frecuente en TEA).
Diferencia Crucial
It is fundamental to distinguish between condition and disorder. ASD is increasingly conceptualized as a unique neurotype (a different way of processing). ADHD is defined as a disorder when the biological difficulty makes adaptation to the environment difficult or impossible.
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The autistic mind tends to process information piece by pièce, focusing on detail over globality or context. This explains why they are sometimes extraordinarily skilled in certain areas (memory, mathematics).
There is a difficulty in understanding, predicting, and interpreting others' mental states (beliefs, desires, and intentions). This is the basis of social behavior difficulties.
Autistic people are often hyperrealistic, which makes it difficult for them to understand figurative language, metaphors, or double meanings.
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The core of ADHD is the alteration in the brain mechanisms responsible for self-regulation.
EF are the abilities that allow analyzing what is wanted, planning how to achieve it, and carrying it out. ADHD is related to failures in planning, organization, inhibition of impulsive responses, and working memory.
ADHD is an alteration for the inhibition of behaviors. This translates into impatience, difficulty tolerating waits, and making impulsive decisions.
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Autistic women develop more sophisticated social camouflage strategies from an early age, often at the cost of extreme exhaustion.
Estrategias de Camuflaje
- • Mimicking facial expressions and gestures
- • Preparing 'scripts' for conversations
- • Studying social behavior in movies
- • Forcing eye contact even if uncomfortable
Costo del Camuflaje
- • Extreme exhaustion ('autistic burnout')
- • Secondary anxiety and depression
- • Loss of self-identity
| Área | 'Classic' Presentation | Female Presentation |
|---|---|---|
| Intereses | Trenes, tecnología, dinosaurios | Animales, celebridades, ficción |
| Social | Evita interacción, solitario | Has a 'best friend', observes |
| Expression | Menor rango emocional | Expresión aprendida, a veces excesiva |
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- • Sees neurodivergence as a disease
- • Focus on deficits
- • Goal: normalize
- • The person must adapt
- • Natural variation
- • Focus on strengths
- • Goal: quality of life
- • The environment adapts
Tea Connect adopts a balanced approach: we recognize that there are real difficulties that require professional support, but we also celebrate unique strengths.